Concrete is a composite material used commonly in building construction. It consists of a combination of an aggregate and a cement binder. The most common type of cement comprises Portland cement, mineral aggregates and water. Concrete is the most widely used man-made material on earth.
Stained Concrete
Acid stain is not a coloring agent or paint. It is basically, a coloring procedure that involves certain chemical reactions on cementitious material. Water, acid and inorganic salts react with the minerals present in the concrete to form a solution that imparts it the color. Acid stains are made from hydrochloric acid, metallic ions and wetting agents. Acid stain provides a mottled, marble like look. It can create various beautiful colors on the concrete such as earthy tones of red, green and reddish brown. Acid staining produces better effects on old concrete. There are different kinds of acid stains available such as ChemTone. This stain does not contain hydrochloric acid and is safer for transporting and handling. Acid staining is permanent, it does not fade or chip.
Where and How to Do It?
Acid staining of concrete can be done in walks, entrances, patios, driveways, living rooms and bathrooms. A smooth concrete surface is better for acid staining. Application of acid stain requires few tools such as paintbrushes, sprayers and a saw with a diamond blade for scoring the surface. One gallon of stain with one gallon of water can color approximately 400 square feet. A new concrete slab needs time for curing (at least three weeks after pouring the mixture). It also has to be rinsed and scrubbed. Old concrete needs to be thoroughly cleaned as any dust, dirt or grease will prevent the acid stain from penetrating properly. It is recommended to test the acid stain on a small area first. Acid stains are transparent and any scratches or cuts on the concrete add to the charm. It is recommended to apply the stain with non-metallic equipments. When the floor is dry, sealing is advised to enhance the color and shield the concrete. The sealer can be applied with a phenolic core roller or sprayers.
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